The prostate gland, though small in size, plays a vital role in men’s health — particularly in the reproductive system. Yet, many men are unaware of its function, the reasons it enlarges with age, and when that enlargement becomes a cause for concern.
In this article, Dr. Rahul Jena, an experienced Uro-Oncologist in Bhubaneswar, explains the function of the prostate, why it tends to grow as men get older, and what symptoms signal that it’s time to seek medical advice.
What Is the Prostate Gland?
The prostate is a walnut-sized gland located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. It surrounds the urethra — the tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body. The primary function of the prostate is to produce seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports sperm.
In short, the prostate plays a crucial role in male fertility and reproductive health.
Why Does the Prostate Grow With Age?
As men age, the prostate naturally undergoes hormonal changes. The balance between testosterone and estrogen shifts, and the levels of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) — a byproduct of testosterone — tend to increase within the prostate tissue.
According to Dr. Rahul Jena, this hormonal change is one of the key reasons why the prostate can grow by 70–80% in size in older men. This non-cancerous enlargement is medically known as Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH).
While prostate enlargement is a common part of aging, it’s important to recognize when it starts affecting urinary function and overall well-being.
Common Symptoms of Prostate Enlargement
As the prostate enlarges, it can press against the urethra, narrowing the passage of urine. This often leads to several urinary symptoms, such as:
Frequent urination, especially at night (nocturia)
Weak or interrupted urine stream
Difficulty starting urination
Feeling that the bladder isn’t completely empty
Urgency or leakage of urine
These symptoms may develop gradually but can significantly affect quality of life if left untreated.
When Should You See a Doctor?
Not every case of prostate enlargement requires immediate treatment. However, if you notice persistent urinary symptoms, it’s essential to consult a Uro-Oncologist or Urologist.
Dr. Rahul Jena advises that timely medical consultation can help determine whether the enlargement is benign or related to more serious conditions such as prostate cancer. Early evaluation typically involves a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, ultrasound, or digital rectal examination (DRE).
Managing and Treating Prostatic Enlargement
Treatment for prostate enlargement depends on the severity of symptoms and the size of the gland. Options may include:
Lifestyle changes: Reducing caffeine and alcohol, limiting evening fluid intake.
Medications: To relax prostate muscles or reduce its size.
Minimally invasive therapies or surgery: For severe cases where medications don’t help.
Dr. Rahul emphasizes that maintaining a healthy lifestyle, regular checkups, and early screening can go a long way in protecting prostate health.
Final Thoughts
The prostate gland is a small but powerful organ that deserves more attention than it usually gets. As Dr. Rahul Jena explains, understanding how it functions — and how it changes with age — is the first step toward better men’s health.
If you experience any urinary issues or want to learn more about prostate care, don’t hesitate to reach out to a specialist. Early diagnosis and expert guidance can make all the difference.
About Dr. Rahul Jena
Dr. Rahul Jena is a Uro-Oncologist specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate, bladder, and kidney-related conditions. With years of expertise in advanced urological care, he is dedicated to helping patients achieve better health through education, prevention, and personalized treatment.