Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting men worldwide. The challenge with prostate cancer is that it often develops slowly and may not cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages. Because of this, many men are diagnosed late, when treatment becomes more complex.
Understanding the early signs of prostate cancer and undergoing timely screening can significantly improve treatment success and survival outcomes.
What Is Prostate Cancer?
The prostate is a small gland located below the bladder in men. It plays an important role in producing seminal fluid. Prostate cancer occurs when cells in the prostate gland grow uncontrollably and form a tumor.
In many cases, prostate cancer grows slowly. However, some types can be aggressive and spread quickly to nearby organs or bones if not detected early.
Early Signs and Symptoms of Prostate Cancer
In early stages, prostate cancer may not cause symptoms. When symptoms appear, they often affect urination.
1️⃣ Frequent Urination
Needing to urinate more often, especially at night (nocturia), can be an early warning sign.
2️⃣ Difficulty Starting or Stopping Urine
A weak urine stream or trouble initiating urination may indicate prostate enlargement or tumor growth.
3️⃣ Weak or Interrupted Urine Flow
A reduced or inconsistent urine stream is commonly associated with prostate issues.
4️⃣ Burning or Pain During Urination
Persistent discomfort during urination should never be ignored.
5️⃣ Blood in Urine or Semen
Though less common, blood in urine (hematuria) or semen can be a concerning sign.
6️⃣ Erectile Dysfunction
Sudden difficulty in maintaining erections may sometimes be linked to prostate conditions.
7️⃣ Pelvic or Lower Back Pain
Advanced prostate cancer may cause discomfort in the pelvis, hips, or lower back if it spreads to bones.
Who Is at Higher Risk?
Certain factors increase the risk of prostate cancer:
Age above 50 years
Family history of prostate cancer
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
High-fat diet
African or Asian ethnicity (varies globally)
Men with these risk factors should consider regular screening.
Importance of PSA Testing
The PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) test is a simple blood test used to screen for prostate cancer.
Elevated PSA levels may indicate:
Prostate cancer
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Prostate infection
Early PSA testing helps detect prostate cancer before symptoms appear, allowing early intervention.
How Is Prostate Cancer Diagnosed?
If prostate cancer is suspected, doctors may recommend:
PSA blood test
Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)
MRI Prostate
Prostate Biopsy
Accurate staging helps determine the best treatment plan.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the stage and aggressiveness of cancer:
Active surveillance (for low-risk cases)
Robotic Radical Prostatectomy
Radiation therapy
Hormonal therapy
Chemotherapy (advanced cases)
Robotic surgery has become one of the most advanced treatment options, offering better precision and faster recovery.
Why Early Detection Matters
When detected early:
Cure rates are very high
Treatment is less aggressive
Quality of life is better preserved
Risk of cancer spread is minimized
Delaying evaluation can allow cancer to spread to bones or lymph nodes, making treatment more challenging.
Expert Prostate Cancer Care by Dr. Rahul Jena
Dr. Rahul Jena is a Consultant Uro-Oncologist at Bagchi Sri Shankara Cancer Centre, Bhubaneswar, specializing in prostate, kidney, and bladder cancers. He is experienced in:
Robotic radical prostatectomy
Minimally invasive cancer surgery
Advanced diagnostic evaluation
Personalized cancer treatment plans
His focus is on accurate diagnosis, organ preservation, and improved long-term outcomes.
📍 Bagchi Sri Shankara Cancer Centre & Research Institute, Bhubaneswar
📞 Appointments: +91 9938534048
🌐 www.rahuljenaurology.com
Conclusion
Prostate cancer may not always show early symptoms, but recognizing warning signs and undergoing PSA screening can save lives. Men above 50 years—or those with risk factors—should consult a specialist for routine evaluation.
Early diagnosis leads to better treatment outcomes and improved survival.