Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting men worldwide. According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), prostate cancer accounts for nearly 7% of all male cancers in India, with rising incidence due to increased life expectancy and improved diagnostic techniques. Early detection is crucial, as prostate cancer often develops silently in its initial stages.
Dr. Rahul Jena, a leading Consultant Uro-oncologist and Robotic Surgeon at Bagchi Sri Shankara Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, emphasizes that recognizing early signs can significantly improve treatment outcomes.
In this comprehensive guide, we will explore:
Key statistics on prostate cancer
Early warning signs every man should watch for
Risk factors and screening recommendations
Expert insights from Dr. Rahul Jena
Real-world patient experiences
Understanding Prostate Cancer: Key Statistics
Before diving into symptoms, it’s essential to understand the prevalence and impact of prostate cancer:
Global Burden: Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide, with over 1.4 million new cases annually (GLOBOCAN 2020).
Indian Scenario: In India, prostate cancer incidence has doubled in the last 25 years, with higher rates in urban areas due to lifestyle changes.
Age Factor: The risk increases significantly after age 50, with 60% of cases diagnosed in men over 65.
Survival Rates: When detected early, the 5-year survival rate exceeds 95%, but drops sharply if cancer spreads.
These statistics highlight why awareness of early symptoms is vital.
Early Signs of Prostate Cancer: What to Look For
Prostate cancer symptoms often mimic benign conditions like Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), making them easy to overlook. Dr. Rahul Jena advises men to watch for these key early indicators:
1. Urinary Changes
The prostate surrounds the urethra, so tumors can press against it, causing:
Weak or interrupted urine flow
Frequent urination, especially at night (nocturia)
Difficulty starting or stopping urination
Burning sensation or pain during urination
Case Example: A 58-year-old patient in Bhubaneswar ignored mild urinary hesitancy for months, assuming it was age-related. Later diagnosis revealed early-stage prostate cancer, treatable with robotic surgery.
2. Blood in Urine or Semen (Hematuria/Hematospermia)
While not always cancerous, blood in urine (hematuria) or semen (hematospermia) warrants immediate medical evaluation.
3. Erectile Dysfunction (ED)
Prostate cancer can affect nerves and blood vessels essential for erections. While ED is common with age, sudden onset should be investigated.
4. Pelvic, Hip, or Lower Back Pain
Persistent discomfort in the pelvis, hips, or lower back may indicate cancer spread to bones—a sign of advanced disease.
5. Unexplained Weight Loss and Fatigue
Non-specific symptoms like fatigue and weight loss can signal aggressive prostate cancer affecting metabolism.
Risk Factors: Who is Most Vulnerable?
While any man can develop prostate cancer, certain factors increase risk:
Age: 90% of cases occur in men over 55.
Family History: A father or brother with prostate cancer doubles your risk.
Race: African-American men have the highest incidence globally.
Diet & Lifestyle: High-fat diets, obesity, and smoking may contribute.
Dr. Rahul Jena’s Insight: “Men with a family history should start screening at 40. Others can begin at 50, but those with symptoms should not delay consultation.”
Screening and Diagnosis: When to See a Doctor
Early detection relies on two primary tests:
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Test: Measures PSA levels in blood; elevated levels may indicate cancer.
Digital Rectal Exam (DRE): A physical exam where a doctor checks for prostate abnormalities.
Controversy Around PSA Testing:
False positives can lead to unnecessary biopsies.
Overdiagnosis may detect slow-growing cancers that don’t need treatment.
Dr. Jena’s Approach: “We use multiparametric MRI and targeted biopsies to reduce unnecessary procedures. Personalized screening is key.”
Real-World Cases: Why Early Action Matters
Case 1: Delayed Diagnosis Leads to Advanced Cancer
A 65-year-old farmer in Odisha ignored urinary symptoms for years, assuming they were due to aging. By the time he sought help, cancer had spread to his bones, limiting treatment options.
Case 2: Early Detection Saves Lives
A 52-year-old executive undergoing routine check-ups had a slightly elevated PSA. Further tests confirmed localized cancer, treated successfully with robotic prostatectomy.
Prevention and Next Steps
While not all prostate cancers are preventable, these steps can help:
Eat a balanced diet (rich in tomatoes, green tea, and omega-3s)
Exercise regularly
Avoid smoking and excessive alcohol
Get regular screenings if at high risk
Dr. Rahul Jena’s Final Advice: “Don’t dismiss urinary changes as ‘just aging.’ Early consultation can mean the difference between curable and advanced cancer.”
Conclusion: Knowledge is Power
Prostate cancer is highly treatable when caught early. By recognizing symptoms early, understanding risk factors, and seeking timely medical advice, men can significantly improve their outcomes.
If you or a loved one experiences any warning signs, consult a urologist or uro-oncologist like Dr. Rahul Jena for expert evaluation.
Your health today determines your future—take action before it’s too late.
About Dr. Rahul Jena
Dr. Rahul Jena is a renowned Consultant Uro-oncologist and Robotic Surgeon at Bagchi Sri Shankara Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Bhubaneswar. With expertise in minimally invasive cancer surgeries, he is dedicated to advancing prostate cancer care in Eastern India.
For consultations, contact:
+91 9938534048
www.rahuljenaurology.com